Inherited disorders of carbohydrate metabolism
نویسندگان
چکیده
Ăvod: DÄdiÄnĂŠ poruchy metabolismu (DPM) sacharidĹŻ pĹedstavujĂ heterogennĂ skupinu vĂce neĹž 250 rĹŻznĂ˝ch onemocnÄnĂ zpĹŻsobenĂ˝ch poruĹĄenou syntĂŠzou, transportem Äi odbourĂĄvĂĄnĂm galaktĂłzy, fruktĂłzy, glukĂłzy, disacharidĹŻ, glykogenu, glykosaminoglykanĹŻ a glykoproteinĹŻ/glykolipidĹŻ. JednotlivĂŠ DPM jsou sice vzĂĄcnĂŠ, ale celkovĂ˝ vĂ˝skyt v populaci je > 1 5000. Diagnostika nenĂ souÄĂĄstĂ laboratornĂho novorozeneckĂŠho screeningu zĂĄvisĂ na klinickĂŠm podezĹenĂ, biochemickĂŠm hematologickĂŠm vyĹĄetĹenĂ indikaci selektivnĂho metabolickĂŠho screeningu. MateriĂĄl metody: PrĂĄce shrnuje klinickĂŠ, diagnostickĂŠ terapeutickĂŠ aspekty nejÄastÄjĹĄĂch u 360 pacientĹŻ diagnostikovanĂ˝ch naĹĄem pracoviĹĄti. VĂ˝sledky: KlinickĂŠ projevy dÄtĂ s Ĺady poruch se mohou pĹekrĂ˝vat. PrvnĂ pĹĂznaky galaktĂłzy fruktĂłzy zaÄĂnajĂ akutnĂmi jaternĂho selhĂĄvĂĄnĂ postiĹženĂm tubulĂĄrnĂch funkcĂ ledvin Fanconiho syndromem. VÄtĹĄina jaternĂch glykogenĂłz (GSD) zaÄĂnĂĄ hepatomegaliĂ, poruchou rĹŻstu, atakami hypoglykemiĂ po 2,5-3hodinovĂŠm laÄnÄnĂ, hepatopatiĂ, dyslipidemiĂ laktĂĄtovou acidĂłzou, i neutropeniĂ (GSD Ib) nebo jaternĂm selhĂĄnĂm IV). SvalovĂŠ glykogenĂłzy manifestujĂ hypotoniĂ kardiomyopatiĂ II) svalovou slabostĂ myalgiemi rhabdomyolĂ˝z V). Fenotyp svalovĂ˝ch GSD pĹekrĂ˝vĂĄ fosfoglukomutĂĄzy 1. Porucha transportu glukĂłzy (GLUT2) spojuje fenotyp nefropatiĂ pĹi syndromu. Poruchy komplexnĂch molekulĂĄch zpĹŻsobujĂ mukopolysacharidĂłzy (MPS) dÄdiÄnĂŠ glykosylace (CDG). Klinicky charakteristickĂŠ pro MPS CDG kraniofaciĂĄlnĂ dysmorfie, encefalopatie, hepato/splenomegalie, porucha kostnĂ deformity, postiĹženĂ myokardu srdeÄnĂch chlopnĂ, hernie, recidivujĂcĂ otitidy chronickĂĄ rĂ˝ma. ZĂĄvÄr: VÄasnĂĄ diagnĂłza nezbytnĂĄ ĂşspÄĹĄnou lĂŠÄbu. Zahrnuje dietnĂ opatĹenĂ, mezi kterĂĄ patĹĂ bezlaktĂłzovĂĄ nĂzkogalaktĂłzovĂĄ dieta (galaktosemie), nĂzkofruktĂłzovĂĄ (intolerance fruktĂłzy), antihypoglykemickĂ˝ reĹžim pĹĂdavkem nevaĹenĂ˝ch ĹĄkrobĹŻ (jaternĂ formy GSD), zvýťenĂ˝ pĹĂjem bĂlkovin III) ketogennĂ (GLUT1). NÄkterĂŠ (CDG) lze lĂŠÄit pomocĂ manĂłzy galaktĂłzy. V lĂŠÄbÄ pouĹžĂvĂĄ enzymovĂĄ substituÄnĂ terapie (ERT) transplantace hematopoietickĂ˝mi kmenovĂ˝mi buĹkami. acidosis, but also neutropenia or liver failure Muscle glycogenoses are presented by hypotonia and cardiomyopathy muscle weakness myalgia with attacks of rhabdomyolysis Hepatic phenotype overlaps phosphoglucomutase deficiency. Glucose-galactose transport disorder links to nephropathy Fanconi syndrome. IMD carbohydrates in complex molecules cause mucopolysaccharidoses congenital disorders glycosylation Clinically characteristic the group craniofacial dysmorphy, encephalopathy, hepato/splenomegaly, growth disorder, bone deformities, involvement myocardium heart valves, hernia, recurrent otitis, chronic rhinitis. Conclusion: Early diagnosis is essential for successful treatment. Dietary intervention includes lactose-free low-galactose diet (galactosemia), low-fructose (fructose intolerance), an anti-hypoglycaemic regimen addition uncooked starches (liver GSDs), increased protein intake III), ketogenic Some can be treated mannose galactose. Enzyme replacement therapy hematopoietic stem cell transplantation used treatment children MPS.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Ceskoslovenska? pediatrie
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['0069-2328']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55095/cspediatrie2023/019